White Spots on Liver

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Sundew Rabbitry

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Last year I had a LOT of meat rabbit fryers who had a lot of very small (1/16" diameter) white spots spread throughout the liver. I was wondering if anyone knows what they might have been? Rabbits were about 10-12 weeks at the time. All other organs were normal and healthy.

I didn't have any fryers with it this year though. But I suddenly started wondering about it and am hoping to know what it might have been so I can be sure to prevent itfrom happening again.

I did treat everything for coccidia when I lost a couple show rabbit kits in the other barn, but I can't remember if that correlates to the same time I stopped seeing the spots or not. I don't even know if coccidia would do anything to liver anyway...

Thanks in advance for any insights!
 
Yes, coccidia can cause white spots on the liver. They're like nodules. If you do an image search on your preferred search engine, with the words "rabbit liver coccidiosis", you will see plenty of examples.

Here's a picture uploaded by Zass:

image.php


The more advanced it is, the more nodules there are.
 
http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/GI_disease ... occ_en.htm
According to medirabbit, there are numerous species of cocci that can affect different parts.
When it infects the liver it's hepatic coccidosis.

That is a good example of how bad it can get in a very short amount of time!!!
Those growout bucklings were in an earth floored pen for about two weeks. It was contaminated by a rabbit that someone had delivered to me. I'd decided to eat her, and made the mistake of placing her in my outside holding pen for a few days before butchering.

Doelings (from the same litter as the rabbits who's livers were pictured) were kept with their mother in a wire floored cage instead of being placed in the contaminated pen and did not have infected livers.

I haven't used that pen, or had rabbits on the ground here since that happened.
I have seen the occasional white spot, but thankfully, I haven't had sick kits or livers like that.

I can't say I know much about hepatic cocci, but, it was here. It was devastating to the rabbits who were exposed to it, and keeping all of the rest of the rabbits in frequently cleaned wire pens has prevented another outbreak of it in my herd.
 
here,- I feed garlic tops, onion tops, or garlic chives , about once / week when I am feeding weeds , or root crops [with dirt on the roots] to prevent cicci infections, - infections come from contaminated dirt, and it is spread through poor sanitation, when rabbits have access to urine or feces from other rabbits, or just their own.
it takes about 2 or 3 weeks for spots to heal in the livers after feeding garlic chives has started, [when I have treated infected rabbits in the past] -when I know I have infected rabbits I feed garlic chives every day for 3 weeks.
Cocci can dramatically effect feed conversion, growth rate, and overall health, even when it is not obvious, or life threatening. [some cocci can remain viable in the soil for over 50 years]
Because I farm where there have been animals for over 100 years , and I use the animal manure to fertilize my garden, -I assume I have it here and take precautions..
 
Thanks guys! Wow, those livers we're pretty bad. I think mine only had about 10 little spots each, but that's definitely similar, just more advanced. Hepatic coccidia...thank you for confirming my suspicions! Good to have a true answer for that.

I have both corid and sulmet for coccidia, but rarely actually use it. How often a year do you guys give a coccidia preventative treatment?
 
I don't know anything about treating for it, so hopefully the others will help you out. I know there's info in other threads, though.

(Normally, I'd at least give you a page of search results, but I'm sick, and my eyes are bothering me. :) )
 
Corid's a good cocci med. Just follow the directions on the label and you'll
be fine.

Sulmet= Sulfamethazine is a little stronger and will zap a few other nasty's
besides the cocci. Make darned sure you follow the instructions to the letter.
And don't go a day past what's recommended.

grumpy.
 
[ JMHO] -If you raise in cages with wire floors, first clean the cages, then - treat the doe between litters, with garlic or onion family plants , or panacur, and ponazuril, and then [the day after treatment period] use a brush with a strong ammonia solution to clean, and sanitise the cages [and adjacent cages] , and let it dry before returning rabbits to the cages. garlic-for-coccidiosis-and-maybe-e-c-protozoan-parasites-t20890.html [see this thread for garlic info] I prefer the natural treatment but have corid and have used it a lot in the past for intestinal coccidiosis [not hepatic coccidiosis]., there is some concern about using it on pregnant does, but I personally have never seen a problem. [just know, Corid is a coccidiostat not a coccidiocide , it is designed to "cripple" cocci, not kill all of them, to give the animal time to develop an immunity ], so-- with that in mind, I would suggest a coccidiocide, [ not Corid] for this problem. -- [JMHO]

This excerpt from MetiRabbit http://www.medirabbit.com/EN/GI_disease ... occ_en.htm

Diagnosis

Coccidiosis is very difficult to diagnose. It can be done by fecal flotation, by identifying the oocysts in the feces, or under the microscope by counting the coccidia per gram of feces. Coccidian oocytes may be difficult to differentiate from the rabbit-specific yeast, Cyniclomyces guttulatus.
If tests confirm the presence of E. intestinalis, E. flavescens, E. irresidua and E. piriformis, treatment should start immediately

Treatment

Treatment of hepatic coccidiosis is difficult and the disease may remain present for life. The anti-coccidiosis treatment is successful only for rabbits infected since 5 to 6 days. Even if the treatment is successful, mortality and diarrhea will continue during the next few days. Relapse is regularly observed after 1 or 2 weeks.
Robenidine hydrochloride is well tolerated by rabbits, but its regular preventive use over the last 20 years has raised resistance of e.g. E. media and E. magna toward this compound. Further drugs used to treat the parasite include:
Sulfonamide and trimethoprim antibiotics have proven efficacious in the treatment of coccidiosis. They should only be used to cure the disease, never as a preventive measure. The most effective drug is sulphadimethoxine (0.5 to 0.7 g / liter water). It is the well tolerated by pregnant and nursing does. Other sulpha drugs include:
· sulphaquinoxaline in drinking water: 1 g/litre;
· sulphadimerazine in drinking water: 2 g/litre.
· Salinomycine (Bio-Cox®);
· Diclazuril (Clinicox®);
· Toltrazuril (Baycox®), 2.5 to 5 mg/kg (higher doses cause anorexia and decrease in size of fecal droppings), twice, repeat after 5 days.
Treatment is best administrated to all the rabbits during a minimum of 5 days. The treatment should be repeated after 5 days.
Treatment of the environment is important (e.g. 10% ammonia). Water crocks and feed hoppers should be disinfected and remain free of rabbit feces. When treating a carpet, vacuum first in order to further penetration of the anticoccidial product. During treatment of the environment, rabbits should be kept in another part of the home to avoid the danger of contact with the products and possible intoxication.

Prevention

Branches and leaves rich in tannin (willow, hazelnut, oak, ash, fruit trees, eventually pines) are excellent in preventing coccidiosis. Before a rabbit is given a twig to chew, it is important to check that it’s picked from a tree that is not toxic to rabbits. Furthermore, the tree must not have been exposed to chemicals or pollution from busy roads.


JMHO-- this article makes this sound fairly hopeless, but-- it is not-- once you know you have an infection, it is easy to treat with Garlic, Garlic tops, Onion tops, or Garlic chives-[and garlic also helps control secondary infections] - and there is evidence to show that garlic is not harmful to rabbits in moderate doses-- The link to the article garlic-for-coccidiosis-and-maybe-e-c-protozoan-parasites-t20890.html above shows convincing evedence [other then my experience] that it works.
 
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